ACC ~ Romans 3 v30

FAITH PREFIGURED IN THE JEWS. IRENAEUS: We were prefigured in the Jews, and they are represented in us, that is, in the church, and they receive the reward for what they achieved. AGAINST HERESIES 4.22.2.

BOTH JUSTIFIED BY FAITH. ORIGEN: Not only does Paul say that there is only one God for both Jews and Gentiles, but he adds that this God is the one who justifies the circumcised on the ground of their faith and the uncircumcised through their faith. … Neither the circumcision nor the uncircumcision enjoys any advantage in this. COMMENTARY ON THE EPISTLE TO THE ROMANS.

JUSTIFIED IN THE SAME WAY. AMBROSIASTER: By “the circumcised” Paul means the Jews who have been justified by their faith in the promise and who believe that Jesus is the Christ whom God had promised in the law. By “the uncircumcised” he means the Gentiles who have been justified with God by their faith in Christ. Thus God has justified both Jews and Gentiles. For because God is one, everyone has been justified in the same way. What benefit then is there in circumcision? Or what disadvantage is there in uncircumcision when only faith produces worthiness and merit? COMMENTARY ON PAUL’S EPISTLES.

JEROME: Paul shows clearly that righteousness depends not on the merit of man but on the grace of God, who accepts the faith of those who believe without the works of the law. AGAINST THE PELAGIANS 2.7.

ONE GOD. CHRYSOSTOM: There is only one God, who is Lord of all, both Jew and Gentile. Even in ancient times the blessings of providence were shared by both, although in different ways. The Jews had the written law, and the Gentiles had the natural law, but in this they lacked nothing, because if they tried hard enough they could always surpass the Jews in their observance. … If there was no difference then, much less is there any now, and this Paul establishes even more firmly by demonstrating that both alike stand in equal need of faith. HOMILIES ON ROMANS 7.

DISTINGUISHING “THROUGH FAITH” AND “ON THE GROUND OF FAITH.” THEODORE OF MOPSUESTIA: Paul says “the ground of their faith” with respect to the Jews because, although they had other ways of seeking righteousness, they could not obtain it except through their faith. When speaking about the Gentiles, he says “through their faith” because this is the only claim to righteousness which they have. PAULINE COMMENTARY FROM THE GREEK CHURCH.

AUGUSTINE: The difference of preposition (“on the ground of” versus “through”) does not indicate any difference of meaning but serves simply to vary the phrase. ON THE SPIRIT AND THE LETTER 50.

THE SAME GOD. PELAGIUS: Jews and Gentiles have both believed in the same God and in the same Christ. PELAGIUS’S COMMENTARY ON ROMANS.

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