ISB ~ Revelation 11 v17

who are and who were:A shortened form of the title in 1:4, 8 and 4:8. The omission of the future element “who is to come” here and in 16:5 is deliberate, signaling that God has at last come as King and Judge over the earth (11:15). The manifestation of God’s kingdom may be linked with the trampling down of Jerusalem, as in Lk 21:31 (cf. Zech 14:1-9).