ISB ~ 1 Thessalonians 2 v14

in Judea:Attacks on the infant Church began with the martyrdom of Stephen in Jerusalem (Acts 7:58-8:1). Even Paul, by his own admission, was a persecutor of Christians before his conversion (Gal 1:22-23; 1 Cor 15:9).

your own countrymen:Macedonian pagans, but also hostile opponents from the Thessalonian synagogue (Acts 17:5).

the Jews:i.e., the Palestinian Jews responsible for terrorizing Judean churches.